Article Data

  • Views 1399
  • Dowloads 204

Original Research

Open Access

EFFECT OF INSTRUMENT-ASSISTED SOFT TISSUE MOBILIZATION ON EXERCISE-INDUCED MUSCLE DAMAGE AND FIBROTIC FACTOR: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

  • Jooyoung Kim1
  • Joohyung Lee2

1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea

2Department of Sport, Health and Rehabilitation, College of Physical Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

DOI: 10.22374/jomh.v15i4.183 Vol.15,Issue 4,November 2019 pp.18-27

Published: 01 November 2019

*Corresponding Author(s): Joohyung Lee E-mail: jolee@kookmin.ac.kr

Abstract

Background and Objective 

The instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) is a form of mechanical stimulation. This treatment is known to provide an effective way to improve muscle function and attenuate muscle pain. However, limited study showed the effect of the IASTM on acute condition such as exercise-induced muscle damage. This study aimed to examine the effects of IASTM on exercise-induced muscle dam-age and fibrotic factor.

Material and Methods 

Sixteen healthy male college students were randomly assigned to IASTM (n=8) and control (n=8). After performing two sets of 25 eccentric contractions of elbow flexors, IASTM was applied for 8 min immediately and 48 h after exercise. Maximal isometric strength (MIS), muscle soreness, and creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured as indicators of muscle damage. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels were assessed as a fibrotic factor.

Results 

The recovery of MIS was faster (control vs. IASTM: 96 h: 60.7% ± 7.9% vs. 89.1% ± 10.4%, P<0.001), and TGF-β1 level was lower (control vs. IASTM: 48 h: 5.5 ± 1.9 vs. 2.4 ± 0.6, P<0.01; 72 h: 5.6 ± 1.7 vs. 2.6 ± 0.5, 96 h: 5.2 ± 1.6 vs. 1.9 ± 0.5 ng/mL, P<0.001) in the IASTM group than in the control group. However, no significant differences in muscle soreness or CK activity were found between groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion 

IASTM may be an effective method for reducing scar tissue and restoring muscle function quickly after exercise-induced muscle damage.

Keywords

eccentric exercise, fibrosis, instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization, muscle damage, transforming growth factor-β1

Cite and Share

Jooyoung Kim,Joohyung Lee. EFFECT OF INSTRUMENT-ASSISTED SOFT TISSUE MOBILIZATION ON EXERCISE-INDUCED MUSCLE DAMAGE AND FIBROTIC FACTOR: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Journal of Men's Health. 2019. 15(4);18-27.

References

1. Kim J, Lee J. The relationship of creatine kinase variability with body composition and muscle dam-age markers following eccentric muscle contrac-tions. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2015;19(2):123–9. https://doi.org/10.5717/jenb.2015.15061910

2. Chen HL, Nosaka K, Chen TC. Muscle damage protection by low-intensity eccentric contractions remains for 2 weeks but not 3 weeks. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012;12(2):555–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-1999-8

3. Gao Y, Kostrominova TY, Faulkner JA, et al. Age-related changes in the mechanical properties of the epimysium in skeletal muscles of rats. J Biomech 2008;41(2):465–9. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.09.021

4. Vardiman JP, Siedlik J, Herda T, et al. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization: Effects on the properties of human plantar flexors. Int J Sports Med 2015;36(3):197–203. https://doi.org/10.1055/

s- 0034-1384543

5. Peake JM, Neubauer O, Della Gatta PA, et al. Muscle damage and inflammation during recovery from exercise. J Appl Physiol 2017;122(3):559–70. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00971.2016

6. Mann CJ, Perdiguero E, Kharraz Y, et al. Aberrant repair and fibrosis development in skel-etal muscle. Skelet Muscle 2011;1(1):21. https://doi.org/10.1186/2044-5040-1-21

7. Chen X, Li Y. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in skeletal muscle: Migration, differentiation, regener-ation and fibrosis. Cell Adh Migr 2009;3(4):337–41. https://doi.org/10.4161/cam.3.4.9338

8. Garg K, Corona BT, Walters TJ. Therapeutic strategies for preventing skeletal muscle fibrosis after injury. Front Pharmacol 2015;6:87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00087

9. Jakeman JR, Byrne C, Eston RG. Efficacy of lower limb compression and combined treatment of manual massage and lower limb compression on symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage in women. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24(11):3157–65. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e 3181e4f80c

 10. Alves AN, Fernandes KP, Melo CA, et al. Modulating effect of low level-laser therapy on fibrosis in the repair process of the tibialis anterior muscle in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2014;29(2): 813–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-013-1428-9

 11. Best TM, Loitz-Ramage B, Corr DT, et al. Hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of acute mus-cle stretch injuries. Results in an animal model. Am J Sports Med 1998;26(3):367–72. https://doi. org/10.1177/03635465980260030401

 12. Cezar CA, Roche ET, Vandenburgh HH, et al. Biologic-free mechanically induced muscle regen-eration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016;113(6): 1534–9. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1517517113

 13. Chan YS, Li Y, Foster W, et al. The use of suramin, an antifibrotic agent, to improve muscle recovery after strain injury. Am J Sports Med 2005;33(1): 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504265190

 14. Nishizaki K, Ikegami H, Tanaka Y, et al. Effects of supplementation with a combination of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate, L-arginine, and L-glutamine on postoperative recovery of quadriceps muscle strength after total knee arthroplasty. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2015;24(3):412–20.

 15. Nozaki M, Li Y, Zhu J, et al. Improved muscle healing after contusion injury by the inhibitory effect of suramin on myostatin, a negative regula-tor of muscle growth. Am J Sports Med 2008;36(12):2354–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/036 3546508322886

 16. Piedade MC, Galhardo MS, Battlehner CN, et al. Effect of ultrasound therapy on the repair of gas-trocnemius muscle injury in rats. Ultrasonics 2008;48(5):403–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras. 2008.01.009

 17. Laumonier T, Menetrey J. Muscle injuries and strategies for improving their repair. J Exp Orthop 2016;3(1):15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40634-016-0051-7

 18. Tatsumi R, Sheehan SM, Iwasaki H, et al. Mechanical stretch induces activation of skeletal muscle satellite cells in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2001;267(1):107–14. https://doi.org/10.1006/excr. 2001.5252

 19. Huang D, Shen KH, Wang HG. Pressure therapy upregulates matrix metalloproteinase expression and downregulates collagen expression in hyper-trophic scar tissue. Chin Med J 2013;126(17): 3321–4.

 20. Best TM, Gharaibeh B, Huard J. Stem cells, angiogenesis and muscle healing: A potential role in massage therapies? Postgrad Med J 2013;89(1057):666–70. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-091685rep

 21. Butterfield TA, Zhao Y, Agarwal S, et al. Cyclic compressive loading facilitates recovery after eccentric exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008;40(7): 1289–96. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318 16c4e12

 22. Stupka N, Tarnopolsky MA, Yardley NJ, et al. Cellular adaptation to repeated eccentric exer-cise-induced muscle damage. J Appl Physiol 2001;91(4):1669–78. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl. 2001.91.4.1669

 23. Kim J, Sung DJ, Lee J. Therapeutic effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for soft tissue injury: Mechanisms and practical application. J Exerc Rehabil 2017;13(1):12–22. https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1732824.412

 24. Kivlan BR, Carcia CR, Clemente FR, et al. The effect of Astym® Therapy on muscle strength: A blinded, randomized, clinically controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015;16:325. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-015-0778-9

 25. Laudner K, Compton BD, McLoda TA, et al. Acute effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization for improving posterior shoulder range of motion in collegiate baseball players. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014;9(1):1–7.

 26. Davidson CJ, Ganion LR, Gehlsen GM, et al. Rat tendon morphologic and functional changes resulting from soft tissue mobilization. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997;29(3):313–19. https://doi. org/10.1097/00005768-199703000-00005

 27. Loghmani MT, Warden SJ. Instrument-assisted cross-fiber massage accelerates knee ligament heal-ing. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009;39(7):506–14. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2009.2997

 28. Blanchette MA, Normand MC. Augmented soft tissue mobilization vs natural history in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: A pilot study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2011;34(2): 123–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2010. 12.001

 29. Papa JA. Conservative management of Achilles Tendinopathy: A case report. J Can Chiropr Assoc 2012;56(3):216–24.

 30. Schaefer JL, Sandrey MA. Effects of a 4-week dynamic-balance-training program supplemented with Graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization for chronic ankle instability. J Sport Rehabil 2012;21(4):313–26. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/jsr.21.4.313

 31. Hammer WI, Pfefer M. Treatment of subacute lumbar compartment syndrome using the Graston Technique. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2005;28(3): 199–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt. 2005.02.010

 32. MacDonald N, Baker R, Cheatham SW. The effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobiliza-tion on lower extremity muscle performance: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2016;11(7):1040–7.

 33. Cheatham SW, Lee M, Cain M, et al. The efficacy of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization: A systematic review. J Can Chiropr Assoc 2016;60(3): 200–11.

 34. Hammer WI. The effect of mechanical load on degenerated soft tissue. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2008;12(3):246–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt. 2008.03.007

 35. Clarkson PM, Hoffman EP, Zambraski E, et al. ACTN3 and MLCK genotype associations with exertional muscle damage. J Appl Physiol 2015;99(2):564–9. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00130.2005

 36. Castellani JW, Zambraski EJ, Sawka MN, et al. Does high muscle temperature accentuate skeletal muscle injury from eccentric exercise? Physiol Rep 2016;4(9):12777. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12777

 37. Markovic G. Acute effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2015;19(4):690–6. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.04.010

 38. Delos D, Maak TG, Rodeo SA. Muscle injuries in athletes: Enhancing recovery through scientific understanding and novel therapies. Sports Health 2013;5(4):346–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738 113480934

 39. Huard J, Li Y, Fu FH. Muscle injuries and repair: Current trends in research. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2002;84(5):822–32. https://doi.org/10.2106/0000 4623-200205000-00022

 40. Gumucio JP, Flood MD, Phan AC, et al. Targeted inhibition of TGF-β results in an initial improve-ment but long-term deficit in force production after contraction-induced skeletal muscle injury. J Appl Physiol 2013;115(4):539–45. https://doi. org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00374.2013

 41. Cafarelli E, Flint F. The role of massage in prepa-ration for and recovery from exercise. An over-view. Sports Med 1992;14(1):1–9. https://doi. org/10.2165/00007256-199214010-00001

 42. Weerapong P, Hume PA, Kolt GS. The mecha-nisms of massage and effects on performance, mus-cle recovery and injury prevention. Sports Med 2005;35(3):235–56. https://doi.org/10.2165/0000 7256- 200535030-00004

 43. Cheatham SW, Kreiswirth E, Baker R. Does a light pressure instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization technique modulate tactile discrimination and perceived pain in healthy indi-viduals with DOMS? J Can Chiropr Assoc 2019;63(1): 18–25.

 44. Kendall B, Eston R. Exercise-induced muscle damage and the potential protective role of estrogen. Sports Med 2002;32(2):103–23. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200232020-00003

 45. Thompson HS, Hyatt JP, De Souza MJ, et al. The effects of oral contraceptives on delayed onset muscle soreness following exercise. Contraception 1997;56(2):59–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-7824(97)00093-0

 46. Coviello JP, Kakar RS, Reynolds TJ. Short-term effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobiliza-tion on pain free range of motion in a weightlifter with subacromial pain syndrome. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2017;12(1):144–54.

 47. Lee JH, Lee DK, Oh JS. The effect of Graston technique on the pain and range of motion in patients with chronic low back pain. J Phys Ther Sci 2016;28(6):1852–5. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1852

 48. Brancaccio P, Maffulli N, Limongelli FM. Creatine kinase monitoring in sport medicine. Br Med Bull 2007;81–82:209–30. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldm014

Abstracted / indexed in

Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch) Created as SCI in 1964, Science Citation Index Expanded now indexes over 9,200 of the world’s most impactful journals across 178 scientific disciplines. More than 53 million records and 1.18 billion cited references date back from 1900 to present.

Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition aims to evaluate a journal’s value from multiple perspectives including the journal impact factor, descriptive data about a journal’s open access content as well as contributing authors, and provide readers a transparent and publisher-neutral data & statistics information about the journal.

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.

SCImago The SCImago Journal & Country Rank is a publicly available portal that includes the journals and country scientific indicators developed from the information contained in the Scopus® database (Elsevier B.V.)

Publication Forum - JUFO (Federation of Finnish Learned Societies) Publication Forum is a classification of publication channels created by the Finnish scientific community to support the quality assessment of academic research.

Scopus: CiteScore 0.7 (2022) Scopus is Elsevier's abstract and citation database launched in 2004. Scopus covers nearly 36,377 titles (22,794 active titles and 13,583 Inactive titles) from approximately 11,678 publishers, of which 34,346 are peer-reviewed journals in top-level subject fields: life sciences, social sciences, physical sciences and health sciences.

Norwegian Register for Scientific Journals, Series and Publishers Search for publication channels (journals, series and publishers) in the Norwegian Register for Scientific Journals, Series and Publishers to see if they are considered as scientific. (https://kanalregister.hkdir.no/publiseringskanaler/Forside).

Submission Turnaround Time

Conferences

Top