Trauma occurrence and outcomes in young adult males: a five-year analysis from a level I trauma center in Northwest China

Background: Globally, the occurrence and trauma-related mortality rate among young adult males are both high, resulting in significant societal loss. Despite this, there is limited research focusing specifically on trauma in young adult males, making it essential to conduct a comprehensive investigation. This study aims to explore the epidemiological characteristics of trauma in young adult males, providing a reference for preventive and therapeutic strategies. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 7251 cases of young adult males (aged 20–39) treated at the Trauma Center of Lanzhou University First Hospital from 01 January 2020 to 31 December 2024. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the time and monthly distribution, trauma site, causes, and length of stay (LOS) in the emergency department (ED). Results: A total of 7251 young adult male patients were included. Trauma cases were more frequent in the summer and autumn months (May to October) compared to the winter months (January to February). The peak times for trauma occurrences were between 12:00–16:00 and 20:00–22:00. The leading causes of trauma were falls (40.10%), road traffic accidents (16.67%), other trauma (15.32%), cuts/stabs (12.84%), violence (12.04%), mechanical injuries (2.10%), winter sports injuries (0.57%), animal bites (0.17%), burns (0.12%), and electrical injuries (0.07%). Extremity and skin trauma were the most common, with significant differences in trauma site distribution based on the causes (p < 0.001). The average LOS in the ED was 68.26 ± 45.70 minutes. Conclusions: It is essential to implement specific preventive measures targeted at reducing trauma in young adult males. Furthermore, advancements in information technology within the trauma care system can help enhance the quality of care and optimize patient management.

Trauma; Disease analysis; Epidemiology; Injury; Trauma center

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