Effect of behavioral stage change theory on postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life in male patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma resection: a retrospective study

This study aimed to examine the impact of the Transtheoretical model (TTM)-based nursing model on the self-management and psychological well-being of men diagnosed with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. From existing case records, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 96 male patients with primary liver cancer. Based on the different care methods recorded, the study included 48 patients in the observation group and 48 patients in the control group. All patients underwent hepatocellular carcinoma resection and were expected to survive for more than 3 months. Control group participants received standard treatment, whereas observation group participants underwent a patient self-management intervention based on the TTM nursing model. Both groups were assessed for postoperative rehabilitation, self-management capacity, anxiety and depression levels, psychological well-being, quality of life, tumor-related illness and satisfaction of both groups. After nursing intervention, in the observation group, the time to get out of bed, bowel sound recovery time, first exhaustion time and first defecation time were significantly shorter compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Self-care agency scale (ESCA) scores in the observation group were significantly greater than in the control group (p < 0.05). Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores and quality of life were significantly lower in the observation group. As compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited a considerably decreased incidence of cancer-related symptoms, including fever, jaundice, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (p < 0.05). The observation group was more satisfied overall than the control group. Behavioral stage change theory collaborative nursing model has shown promising results in enhancing self-care abilities and reducing negative feelings in male patients with primary liver cancer. Therefore, further promotion and implementation of this intervention is recommended.

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma; TTM-based nursing model; Self-management; Psychological status

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